NeurIPS 2024 Datasets and Benchmarks Track
Hidden in Plain Sight: Evaluating Abstract Shape Recognition in Vision-Language Models
Arshia Hemmat, Adam Davies, Tom A. Lamb, Jianhao Yuan, Philip Torr, Ashkan Khakzar, Francesco Pinto

IllusionBench hides letters, faces and animals inside ordinary scenes. Human annotators read the shapes almost perfectly; leading vision-language models do not.
A longer write-up of this work is on its way. Until then the paper and the code are the best place to look.